Psychotherapy · Ljubljana

A path to understanding and lasting change.

If you are struggling, you are not alone—and it is not too late. In calm, confidential conversation, we will explore what is weighing on you and find a way forward, step by step, at your pace.

Professional psychotherapy based on transactional analysis and logotherapy. I work with individuals, couples and, by arrangement, families. The first consultation is free and carries no obligation.

Damjan Hosta, psychotherapist

Damjan Hosta

Psychotherapist

Introduction

When is the right time?

You do not need to wait for a breakdown to seek therapy.

People most often seek therapy when anxiety or low mood persists; when burnout and sleeplessness take hold; when the same arguments recur in a relationship; after separation, bereavement or job loss; with low self-esteem, guilt or shame; or when life feels empty and the question arises: “What is the point of it all?”

Therapy can also be valuable when everything appears fine on the outside, yet you carry an inner tension that willpower and effort have not resolved. Speaking with a professional is not a sign of weakness—it is a decision not to leave your wellbeing to chance.

Therapeutic approaches

Two schools of thought that complement one another.

Approach I

Transactional analysis

Transactional analysis was developed in the 1950s by psychiatrist Eric Berne. It begins with a simple yet precise idea: three ego states operate within each of us— Parent (rules, demands and care internalised from adults), Adult (clear assessment of the here and now) and Child (emotion, spontaneity, as well as early adaptations and fears). The state from which we speak shapes how an interaction unfolds.

In therapy, we also examine your life script: —early decisions about yourself, other people and the world (“I must be perfect”, “I must not ask for help”) that once made sense but now limit you. We also identify recurring games —patterns of communication that repeatedly end in the same painful feeling.

The work is transparent and collaborative: we define and record goals together, and you understand what we are doing and why. Transactional analysis is especially suitable for people who want to understand, not merely find temporary relief.

Often helpful with anxiety, low mood, low self-esteem, recurring conflict, relationship difficulties and setting boundaries.

Approach II

Logotherapy

Logotherapy was founded by Viennese neurologist and psychiatrist Viktor E. Frankl, a survivor of the concentration camps. Its central premise is that our deepest motivation is the search for meaning —and that meaning can be found even in circumstances we cannot change. When that sense fades, what Frankl called the existential vacuum may emerge: boredom, apathy and the feeling that nothing truly matters.

In practice, alongside symptoms we explore what is truly valuable in your life: what you create, whom you love, and what stance you can take towards what cannot be changed. Specific techniques include Socratic dialogue (guided questions that help you reach your own answers), dereflection (redirecting attention away from excessive self-observation) and paradoxical intention, particularly useful when fear itself has become the object of fear.

Often helpful with grief, serious illness, burnout, midlife crises, loss of meaning and major life transitions.

The approaches complement each other: transactional analysis clarifies how a pattern repeats, while logotherapy explores what gives it purpose and which direction is worth taking.

Types of therapy

Working with individuals, couples and families

Each format has its own framework and rhythm. Together, we consider which is right for you during the free initial consultation.

01

Individual therapy

One-to-one

A confidential one-to-one conversation, usually once a week. Suitable for anxiety, low mood, stress and burnout, low self-esteem, grief, traumatic experiences and decisions that feel impossible to make alone.

02

Couples therapy

Relationships

We work with the couple as a whole: what happens between you, how an argument begins and how it repeatedly ends. No one is “to blame”, and I do not take sides—I support the relationship. Common themes include recurring conflict, distance, rebuilding trust after infidelity, intimacy, parenting, and deciding whether to move forward together or separate with dignity.

03

Family therapy

By arrangement

When distress affects several members of a family—adolescent difficulties, separation, illness, loss or strained intergenerational roles—family work may be appropriate. We agree in advance on its scope, participants and process.

04

Business coaching

Entrepreneurs

For entrepreneurs and leaders facing daily pressure, responsibility and decisions they may have no one to share with. Coaching is not therapy: it focuses on goals, leadership, team communication, work–life boundaries and preventing burnout. If deeper distress becomes apparent, I say so openly and suggest a therapeutic framework.

The process

Your path towards change

Therapy is a structured journey, adapted to your pace and goals. Nothing happens without your agreement.

01

A free initial consultation

We get to know one another. You explain what has brought you here, and I describe how I work. Together, we decide whether I am the right person for you. If not, I will say so and, where possible, suggest another path.

02

Initial sessions and agreement

During the first few sessions, we clarify the picture and set a specific goal—what should be different by the end. Agreement on goals, frequency and approximate duration is integral to transactional analysis and remains clear and open to review.

03

Regular sessions

Sessions last 50 minutes and usually take place weekly at the same time. A regular rhythm is not a formality—continuity is what makes change possible.

04

Reviewing progress and ending

At intervals, we pause to review what has changed and what has not. Therapy ends in a planned way when the goals have been reached—not abruptly.

Scientific evidence

What the research shows

Psychotherapy is not a matter of belief—its effectiveness is measured. Below are summaries of recent research reviews covering both approaches I use, so that you can make a decision based on evidence rather than promises.

Transactional analysis: systematic review and meta-analysis

Vos in van Rijn, Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 2022

A review of 41 clinical studies found moderate to large effects of transactional analysis on symptoms of psychological distress (g = 0.66), social functioning (g = 0.62) and self-efficacy (g = 0.80); the effect on general wellbeing was smaller (g = 0.33). Effects were stronger in work with individuals, couples and families than in school or prison settings.

Brief transactional analysis psychotherapy for depression

Vos in van Rijn, Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 2025

A small controlled pilot study (66 participants) tested 16 sessions of brief transactional analysis psychotherapy for mild to moderate depression. Participants improved significantly in depression, anxiety, distress and quality of life—comparably to cognitive behavioural therapy and more than treatment as usual. The authors stress that this was a pilot study requiring confirmation.

Logotherapy for depressive symptoms

Cornelius-White et al., The Journal of Humanistic Counseling, 2025

A meta-analysis of 35 studies with 1,656 participants found a very large effect for logotherapy compared with wait-list groups and a large effect compared with other active approaches, maintained at follow-up. The authors note substantial variation among studies and that most were conducted in Asia—further research is needed.

Meaning-centred therapies

Marco et al., Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 2023

A systematic review of six studies involving people with depression and no physical illness found that meaning-centred therapies reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety and strengthened a sense of meaning more than wait-list controls, psychoeducation or cognitive behavioural therapy. The authors describe them as probably efficacious, while calling for stronger study designs.

Research describes group averages, not a prediction for any individual. Psychotherapy is not a substitute for emergency medical care or treatment supervised by a psychiatrist.

Frequently asked questions

What you may want to know before you begin

Will it really help me?+

No one can honestly guarantee an outcome. What research does show is that most people who remain engaged in regular therapy experience meaningful improvements in wellbeing and functioning. The strongest predictor of success is not a particular technique, but the quality of the relationship with the therapist.

That is why the first consultation is free: it allows you to see whether you feel sufficiently safe with me. If there is no movement after several sessions, we address this openly and, if needed, adapt the approach or I refer you elsewhere.

How long does therapy take, and how often do we meet?+
A session lasts 50 minutes, usually once a week. For a clearly defined issue, 10 to 20 sessions may be sufficient; deeper or long-standing difficulties can take longer—from several months to a year or more. We agree on a framework at the outset and review it as we go. The decision to continue is always yours.
When will I notice the first changes?+
Many people feel some relief after the first few sessions simply because they have finally voiced their distress. Lasting change in entrenched patterns generally takes several months. At times, you may briefly feel worse as we touch on painful subjects; this can be part of the process, and we discuss it openly.
What happens in the first session?+
There are no forms and no tests. You share what is troubling you—as much as you feel able to. I ask a few questions to understand the situation and explain how I work. At the end, we decide whether and how to continue. You do not need to prepare anything in advance.
Is the first consultation really free?+
Yes. The first consultation is free and carries no obligation. It is an opportunity to meet and decide together whether working together makes sense.
Is everything I say confidential?+
Yes. Everything you say is professionally confidential. I do not share it with anyone without your explicit consent. The only exceptions are circumstances defined by law involving an immediate risk to your life or someone else’s. With couples and families, confidentiality rules are agreed clearly and equally for everyone at the outset.
How is therapy different from talking to a friend?+
A friend cares about you and wants the best for you, so they may comfort, advise or protect their image of you. A therapist is a trained observer outside your personal story: they recognise and name patterns and stay with you even where it feels uncomfortable. The relationship is structured, confidential and focused entirely on your benefit.
Do I need a referral or diagnosis?+
No. Private psychotherapy does not require a referral. If you already have a diagnosis or take medication, it is helpful to mention this. Therapy can complement treatment from a doctor or psychiatrist, but does not replace it.
What if I do not know what to say?+
This is common and entirely all right. You do not need to arrive with a prepared story. We begin with what is present today—even if that is simply awkwardness or the feeling that you do not know where to start.
Can I come alone if my partner does not want to?+
Yes. Individual work can significantly change a relationship because your part in the pattern changes. A partner is never pressured; if they later choose to join, they are welcome.
Are online sessions available?+
Sessions usually take place in person at the practice, as direct contact offers the most. Online sessions can be arranged when meeting in person is not possible.
How do I book?+
Email damjan@svetovalnica.com with a brief description of the issue and your telephone number. I will call you back within 48 hours to arrange an appointment. There is no need to include sensitive details in your email—we can discuss them when we speak.
Where do sessions take place?+
At the practice at Vojkova 63 in Ljubljana. Parking is available by the premises.
What if I need help right now?+
If you are in acute distress or thinking about harming yourself, do not wait for an appointment. Call 112 or the Samarijan and Sopotnik confidential helpline on 116 123, available 24 hours a day, every day.
What if the therapist is not right for me?+
It happens, and there is no offence taken. Research consistently shows that the quality of the therapeutic relationship matters more than the method, so it is right to seek someone with whom you feel safe. If you do not feel that with me, I will help you find a colleague or another suitable form of support.
Will I have to relive painful experiences?+
Not by force, and not on the first day. You set the pace. We approach painful material only when sufficient trust and inner support are in place. You can always say that you do not wish to discuss something that day, and I will respect that.
What if I cry or cannot find the words?+
Tears, silence and searching for words are entirely normal in therapy. None of these is a sign of weakness; often the opposite is true—it can be the moment when something begins to shift. The space is made for this.
Can I stop whenever I want?+
Yes. Taking part is voluntary, and leaving is always your right. I only ask that we discuss it in a session—a planned ending that reviews the work completed is far more valuable than disappearing without a word.
Why is the fee not listed on the website?+
Because the scope and frequency of sessions are agreed individually. I explain the fee clearly and in full during the free initial consultation, before you decide anything—without hidden costs or obligation.
What if I cannot attend an appointment?+
Please let me know as soon as possible, ideally at least 24 hours in advance, and we will find another time. Regular, pre-arranged sessions support the effectiveness of therapy, so we both aim to honour the agreement.
I take medication prescribed by a psychiatrist. Is therapy still worthwhile?+
Yes, and the combination is often the most effective. Medication can ease symptoms, while psychotherapy addresses patterns, relationships and questions of meaning. I do not make decisions about medication or advise against it—that remains the responsibility of your doctor.
Can I bring my child or the whole family to therapy?+
Family sessions are available by arrangement. I usually begin by speaking with the parents, after which we decide together who should attend. If I believe a child needs specialist support, I will say so openly and refer you to an appropriate professional.
Book a consultation

The first step is the shortest.

A few lines in an email are enough. We can leave the details for our conversation.

Vojkova 63, Ljubljana — parking available
  1. 01

    Send an email to damjan@svetovalnica.com with a brief description of the issue and your telephone number.

  2. 02

    I will call you back within 48 hours to arrange an appointment.

  3. 03

    The first consultation is free and carries no obligation.

Email a brief description
Location

Vojkova 63, Ljubljana

The therapy room is on the ground floor and is accessible by public transport. Free parking is available in front of the building, so you will not need to search for a space before your appointment.

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Social responsibility

Work beyond private practice

Damjan provides volunteer therapy at the Vič Home for Older People.

Psychosocial counselling for DARS and the Student Organisation of Ljubljana.

Do you need help right now?

In an emergency, call 112. For confidential support in distress, the Samarijan and Sopotnik helpline is available 24 hours a day on 116 123.